{"id":3751,"date":"2013-10-02T06:16:12","date_gmt":"2013-10-02T11:16:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/?p=3751"},"modified":"2013-10-02T06:39:18","modified_gmt":"2013-10-02T11:39:18","slug":"morality-and-the-perspicuity-of-the-true-believers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/2013\/10\/02\/morality\/morality-and-the-perspicuity-of-the-true-believers\/","title":{"rendered":"Morality and the Perspicuity of the True Believers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>We are a social species.\u00a0 It stands to reason that natural selection has equipped us with a suite of behavioral predispositions suitable for such a species.\u00a0 A subset of those predispositions\u00a0is the ultimate cause of what we know and experience as morality.\u00a0 One might say that Mother Nature wasn&#8217;t too finicky about such irrelevancies as rational consistency in designing the necessary mental equipment.\u00a0 She created the\u00a0compelling illusion in our minds that such imaginary objects as Good, Evil, and Rights actually exist, and then hedged them about with powerful emotions that inclined us to\u00a0reward Good and punish Evil.\u00a0 The fact that we&#8217;re here demonstrates that the system has worked well enough so far, although it\u00a0has shown distinct signs of becoming dysfunctional of late.<\/p>\n<p>I don&#8217;t know whether it ever occurred to Mother Nature that we might someday become clever and\u00a0nosey enough to wonder where these objects came from.\u00a0 I never asked her.\u00a0I rather suspect that she assumed the problem would be patched over via the invention of imaginary super beings.\u00a0 In that case, the objects would exist just because that&#8217;s the way the imaginary super being(s) wanted it, end of story.\u00a0 She probably never bothered about the possibility that some of us might realize that the imaginary super beings weren&#8217;t really all that plausible.\u00a0 After all, no one could accuse her of pussy footing around when it came to moral illusions.\u00a0 Good and Evil would appear as real things in the imaginations of believers and infidels alike.\u00a0 If the infidels couldn&#8217;t trace their existence to a God, well, they would just have to be creative and come up with something else.<\/p>\n<p>And creative the infidels have certainly been.\u00a0 They&#8217;ve come up with all kinds of systems and rationalizations in the hope of saving the Good and Evil objects from vanishing into thin air.\u00a0 They are similar in that all of them are even more implausible than belief in imaginary super beings.\u00a0 The amusing thing is that the true believers can see through the charade without the least difficulty, whereas the &#8220;rational&#8221; infidels persist in floundering about in the darkness.<\/p>\n<p>Consider, for example, a piece Dennis Prager just wrote for National Review Online, packaged as &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalreview.com\/article\/359999\/response-richard-dawkins-dennis-prager\">A Response to Richard Dawkins<\/a>.&#8221;\u00a0 Prager cuts to the chase with the following:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>If there is no God, the labels \u201cgood\u201d and \u201cevil\u201d are merely opinions. They are substitutes for \u201cI like it\u201d and \u201cI don\u2019t like it.\u201d They are not objective realities.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Thank you, Mr. Prager.\u00a0 I couldn&#8217;t have said it better myself.\u00a0 That is a perfectly clear and straightforward statement of a simple truth that so many of my fellow &#8220;rational&#8221; atheists seem completely unable to grasp.\u00a0 There is simply no\u00a0mechanism whereby the moral emotions in the mind\u00a0of one individual can stroll over, smack another individual up alongside the head, and acquire the legitimacy to apply to that other individual as well.\u00a0 Atheist moralists are like so many zombies, still wandering aimlessly about in their imaginary world of good and evil even though they&#8217;ve just been shot between the eyes.\u00a0 The bullet that hit them\u00a0is the realization that evolved behavioral predispositions are the ultimate cause of moral behavior.\u00a0 As Mr. Prager says, they do, indeed, have very pronounced opinions about the precise nature of Good and Evil.\u00a0 The problem is that such opinions are analogous to having opinions about the color of a unicorns horn.\u00a0 They are opinions about objects that don&#8217;t exist.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, belief in imaginary super beings is just as ineffectual as the fantasies of the atheists when it comes to conjuring up Good and Evil Things and endowing them with objective reality.\u00a0\u00a0Consider, for example, the rest of Mr. Prager&#8217;s article.\u00a0 It&#8217;s basically a statement of the familiar fallacy that, because (Judeo-Christian)\u00a0God-based morality results in Good (as imagined by Mr. Prager), and atheist morality results in Evil (as imagined by Mr. Prager), therefore God must exist.\u00a0 In fact, there is no logical mechanism whereby the mind of Mr. Prager can force God from non-existence into existence by virtue of the fact that a God is required to transmute his Good and his Evil into objective realities.\u00a0 The truth of God&#8217;s existence or non-existence does not depend on Mr. Prager&#8217;s opinion touching on how his presence might affect the moral climate.<\/p>\n<p>No matter, Prager stumbles on with his version of the now familiar &#8220;proof&#8221; that (Judeo-Christian)\u00a0God-based moral systems result in Good, but secular ones result in Evil, and that the (Judeo-Christian) God must therefore exist.\u00a0 Apparently he knows enough history to realize that to believe this &#8220;proof&#8221; it is necessary to stand reality on its head.\u00a0 The\u00a0slaughter of countless Jews through the ages, the murder of hundreds of thousands of innocent women as &#8220;witches,&#8221; the\u00a0extermination of the Albigensians, the decades of bloody warfare conducted by &#8220;good&#8221; Christians to stamp out the Hussite heresy, the slaughter of the French Huguenots, and countless other similar events are the real legacy of Christianity.\u00a0 Prager is aware of this, and so would have us believe that Christianity has been successfully &#8220;tamed&#8221; in the 20th century.\u00a0 As he puts it,<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>But if that isn\u2019t enough, how about the record of the godless 20th century, the cruelest, bloodiest, most murderous century on record? Every genocide of the last century \u2014 except for the Turkish mass murder of the Armenians and the Pakistani mass murder of Hindus in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) \u2014 was committed by a secular anti-Jewish and anti-Christian regime. And as the two exceptions were Muslim, they are not relevant to my argument. I am arguing for the God and Bible of Judeo-Christian religions.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In fact, the God and Bible of the Judeo-Christian religions weren&#8217;t as spotless as all that, even in the 20th century.\u00a0 Consider, for example, the bloody history of the &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Black_Hundreds\">Black Hundreds<\/a>&#8221; in Russia just before the Bolshevik Revolution.\u00a0 They murdered tens of thousands of Jews in the bloody pogroms that were one of their favorite pastimes.\u00a0 The degree to which they were inspired by Christianity should be evident from the image of one of their marches I&#8217;ve posted below.\u00a0 No, I&#8217;m sorry, but I put little faith in Mr. Prager&#8217;s assertion that, while Christianity may have been responsible for inspiring astounding levels of bloody mayhem over the centuries, the Christians promise to be good from now on.<\/p>\n<p>We are moral beings.\u00a0 We will act morally regardless of whether we believe in imaginary supermen or not, because it is our nature to act morally.\u00a0 As is obvious from the many variations in the details of moral rules among human societies,\u00a0our moralities\u00a0are not rigidly programmed by our genes.\u00a0 Within the limits imposed by our innate moral predispositions, we can shape our moral systems to suit our needs.\u00a0 It seems to me that our efforts in that direction are more likely to be successful if we leave religious fantasies, whether of the spiritual or secular variety, out of the process.<\/p>\n<p><a id=\"irc_mil\" href=\"http:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=i&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;frm=1&amp;source=images&amp;cd=&amp;cad=rja&amp;docid=_XaFfB9rcNEWsM&amp;tbnid=U-e8slXM-nlB4M:&amp;ved=0CAUQjRw&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBlack_Hundreds&amp;ei=SANMUsG3CunFiwKfooGYAQ&amp;bvm=bv.53371865,d.cGE&amp;psig=AFQjCNGQFu7Kb5xXjH90BBxnUSoO5W16vQ&amp;ust=1380799685021827\" data-ved=\"0CAUQjRw\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" id=\"irc_mi\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d6\/Black-hundred1907.jpg\" width=\"591\" height=\"424\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"twttr_buttons\"><div class=\"twttr_twitter\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/share?text=Morality+and+the+Perspicuity+of+the+True+Believers\" class=\"twitter-share-button\" data-via=\"\" data-hashtags=\"\"  data-size=\"default\" data-url=\"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/2013\/10\/02\/morality\/morality-and-the-perspicuity-of-the-true-believers\/\"  data-related=\"\" target=\"_blank\">Tweet<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>We are a social species.\u00a0 It stands to reason that natural selection has equipped us with a suite of behavioral predispositions suitable for such a species.\u00a0 A subset of those predispositions\u00a0is the ultimate cause of what we know and experience as morality.\u00a0 One might say that Mother Nature wasn&#8217;t too finicky about such irrelevancies as &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/2013\/10\/02\/morality\/morality-and-the-perspicuity-of-the-true-believers\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Morality and the Perspicuity of the True Believers&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[85,91,48,6,28,5,7],"tags":[120,130],"class_list":["post-3751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-atheism","category-christianity","category-evolution","category-good-and-evil","category-human-nature","category-morality","category-religion","tag-morality-2","tag-religion-2"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pwEq0-Yv","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3751"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3758,"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3751\/revisions\/3758"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/helian.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}